30th August 2007
If you operate any kind of industrial business, the odds are pretty good that you go through a high volume of water on a regular basis. There are several reasons why it is vital that the water used in your processes is treated with the correct balance of ...
Score: 2%
21st August 2006
When discussing water quality and water safety issues, the prevailing question is, Is bottled drinking water safe? Water treatment companies and bottled water services are not exactly forthcoming with water testing procedures and test results for our d...
Score: 2%
04th October 2006
Acne vulgaris is commonly known as pimples. Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory disease. Acne affects human body at the beginning of puberty. The intensity of the disease generally lowers down after crossing teenage. The disease equally affects both men and ...
Score: 1%
27th April 2006
Now that the spot uranium price has sustained above $40/pound, after a 20-year drought and a bottom of $6.40/pound at the end of December 2000, hundreds of junior exploration companies have thrown their hat (and possibly your money) into the ring. Both Ca...
Score: 1%
08th June 2006
A mortgage is nothing but a loan secured against the property that is your home, here secured means if you are not prompt with your loan payments, the lender has the rights to sell you home to take back his amount he has lent to you. A mortgage is nothing...
Score: 1%
21st May 2007
With computers becoming very integral in our letter writing and communication, pens and handwritten notes are becoming scarce. When someone does take the time to write, however, they need a pen that feels good in their grip and writes easily. Choosing off...
Score: 1%
29th January 2007
Financing clean technology exports with bank financing, support from the U.S. Ex-Im Bank, and various forms of guarantees and insurance can grow your business, combat global warming and improve our environment. What is the U.S. Ex-Im Bank? The U.S...
Score: 1%
24th October 2006
Over the next 15 years, "baby boomers" will be looking for places to invest about $46 trillion from a combination of inheritance and their own qualified retirement plans, such as a 401k from a former employer. Every major brokerage house and bank...
Score: 1%
24th July 2006
We talked about the Sweetwater Mill, which he informed us would use a solvent extraction circuit, not an ion exchange for stripping resins as would be found with an In Situ Recovery (ISR) operation. Does that rule out ISR? "No, not at all," he told us. Fr...
Score: 1%
29th June 2007
Almost everyone would like to improve their lifestyle and increase their longevity and a good place to start is by drinking purified water. Purified water is totally different from tap and well water and most other bottled water because purified water, un...
Score: 1%
21st April 2007
More and more health buffs are headed to the gym to get fit. More health clubs, too, are sprouting just about everywhere and there's probably a new one in your neighborhood that attracts you. The club's special offers and facilities such as the gym, J...
Score: 1%
06th March 2007
Imagine: your shower can actually save and prolong your life. Sure, in today's health-conscious crazy world, just about any product boasts about extending yourlife. But new shower filter technologies can, in fact, prevent a host of serious diseases ...
Score: 1%
18th April 2006
Copyright 2006 Marc Deschamps Many, but not all available filtered drinking water systems remove Cryptosporidium. Some filter designs are more suitable for removal of Cryptosporidium than others. Why is it so important to remove Cryptosporidium ? ...
Score: 1%
21st August 2005
Have you ever thought about where your drinking water comes from? Most of us never give this question a thought. Yet, the sources of our water tell us a lot about its quality. The Importance of Water Sources Very early in the development of civiliz...
Score: 1%
25th May 2007
What is Ozone? Ozone is a form of"active oxygen", nature's very own special molecule and interestingly enough one ozone molecule contains three oxygen atoms. Ozone is created automatically in nature by the process of mixing together, oxygen from the ...
Score: 1%
18th April 2007
Accounts Receivable Financing- Cleantech explores the emerging definitions of "cleantech" and world of "cleantech industries" at a time when the world is increasingly concerned with global warming, our energy supply and pollution. Accounts receiv...
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Water purification is the process of removing contaminants from a raw water source. The goal is to produce water for a specific purpose with a treatment profile designed to limit the inclusion of specific materials; most water is purified for human consumption (drinking water). Water purification may also be designed for a variety of other purposes, including to meet the requirements of medical, pharmacology, chemical and industrial applications. Methods include, but are not limited to: ultra violet light, filtration, water softening, reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, molecular stripping, deionization, and carbon treatment.
Water purification may remove: particulate sand; suspended particles of organic materal; parasites, Giardia; Cryptosporidium; bacteria; algae; virus; fungi; etc. Minerals calcium, silica, magnesium, etc. and toxic metals (lead, copper, chromium etc). Some purification may be elective in the purification process, including smell (hydrogen sulfide remediation), taste (mineral extraction), and appearance (iron incapsulation).
Governments usually dictate the standards for drinking water quality. These standards will require minimum / maximum set points of contaminants and the inclusion of control elements that produce drinking water. Quality standards in many countries require specific amounts of disinfectant (such as chlorine or ozone) in the water after it leaves the water treatment plant (WTP), to reduce the risk of re-contamination while the water is in the distribution system.
Ground water (usually supplied as well water) is typically a more economical choice than surface water (from rivers, lakes and streams) as a source for drinking, as it is inherently pre-filtered by the aquifer from which it is extracted. Over large areas of the world, aquifers are recharged as part of the hydrologic cycle. In more arid regions, water from an aquifer will have a limited output and can take thousands of years to recharge. Surface water is locally more abundant where subsurface formations do not function as aquifers; however, ground water is far more abundant than the more-visible surface water. Surface water is a typical raw water source used to make drinking water where it is abundant and where ground water is unavailable or of poor quality. However, it is much more exposed to human activity and its byproducts. As a water source it is carefully monitored for the presence of a variety of contaminants by the WTP operators.
It is not possible to tell whether water is safe to drink just by looking at it. Simple procedures such as boiling or the use of a household activated carbon filter are not sufficient for treating all the possible contaminants that may be present in water from an unknown source. Even natural spring water - considered safe for all practical purposes in the 1800s - must now be tested before determining what kind of treatment, if any, is needed. Chemical analysis, while expensive, is the only way to obtain the information necessary for deciding on method of purification.
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